Write is the lewis dot structure of HNO3 and NH4 using the proper steps

CBSE Class 11
1

Write is the lewis dot structure of HNO3 and NH4 using the proper steps. (find A, N, and S)

2

Lewis Dot Structure

Lewis dot structures can be written by adopting the following steps:

  • Sum of valence electrons from all atoms

  • It does not matter which atom they come from

  • Add 1 e− for each (−) charge

  • Subtract 1 e− for each (+) charge

    • Spot the central and terminal atoms and write the skeletal structure.
    • Draw a bond between each pair of atoms as appropriate.
    • Each bond uses up 2 of the available e−.

  • Assign remaining e− to terminal elements first until the duet rule has been met for H and the octet rule has been met for all others.

    • If there is leftover e−, then place them first on the central atoms to complete their octets. If there are additional e− still left, then place them on central atoms which have empty d orbitals.
    • If all e− are used up and the central atoms do not have completed octets, move one or more lone pairs to form a multiple bond.