(i) What is ‘genetics’? (ii) Give the common name of the plant on which Mendel performed his experiments

(i) What is ‘genetics’?
(ii) Give the common name of the plant on which Mendel performed his experiments.
(iii) What for did Mendel use the term factors and what are these factors called now ?
(iv) What are genes ? Where are the genes located ?

(i) Genetics refers to the study of inheritance of traits from parents to off springs”.

(ii) Common name for a plant on which Mendel performed his experiments is pea plant,

(iii) Term ‘factors’ was used by Mendel to denote the unit of inheritance in a cell of an organism, that controls inheritance of a specific trait, for example;, height, flower colour. Each characteristics of an individual is shown by factors. These factors are now called ‘genes’.

(iv) Gene refers to basic unit of inheritance. It is part of DNA sequnece which provides information for synthesis of a protein inside a cell. The genes are located on DNA found in chromosomes of organisms.