Communist Party of India-Marxist emerged out of a division within the Communist Party of India (CPI).
The following points state their split chronologically
(i) The undivided Communist Party of India (CPI) had experienced a period of upsurge during the years following the Second World War.
(ii) Independent India under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru developed dose relation with Soviet Union. But the relation with China deteriorated due to the border disputes between two countries.
(iii) The relation between Communist Party of Soviet Union and Communist Party of China deteriorated. China criticised Soviet Union’s view point as revisionist and deviating from Marxism-Leninism.
(iv) In our country, one section of Communist Party supported Soviet Union and Congress-Nehru standpoint. They were dubbed as ‘rightist’ in nature. But the other section, who supported China and its leader Mao Zedong became known as ‘Left Communist Party’.
(v) In 1964, Communist Party of India was divided and the left wing, i.e. the Communist Party of India-Marxist emerged as a separate party.