Explain the vertical division of power by giving examples of India.
When power is shared among governments at different levels i.e. the Union or the Central government, the state government and the Municipality and Panchayat at the lower level. This division of power involving higher and lower levels of government is called the vertical division of power.
Vertical division of power in India:
The constitution declares India as a Union of states. Although the word ‘Federation’ is not used, the Indian Union is based on the principles of federation. The constitution originally provided 2 tier system of government. A third-tier of federation was added in the form of Panc.hayats and Municipalities. As in any federation, these tiers enjoy separate jurisdiction. The constitution for a 3-fold distribution of legislative powers between them.