Explain sedimentation and decantation method.
Sedimantation and decantation method are used to separate a mixture containing an insoluble solid in a liquid. In this method, the mixture is allowed to stand undisturbed for sometime. The insoluble solid substance settles down and a clear liquid is left standing. This clear liquid is called as supernatant liquid. The solid substance that settles down is called sediment. This entire process is known as sedimentation.
The clear water (supernatant liquid) is then poured out carefully into another beaker, leaving the sediments undisturbed. This process is known as decantation.