Explain Cropping Pattern in detail?

CBSE Class 9
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Explain Cropping Pattern in detail?

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There are three types of cropping patterns:

1) Mixed Cropping:

  • Growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same piece of land.
  • Minimises the risk of crop failure.
  • Seeds of two crops are mixed before sowing.
  • Pest control of individual crop is difficult.
  • Separate harvesting and threshing of individual crops is not possible.
  • Crops yield can be increased.
  • Example: Wheat + Gram, Wheat + Mustard, Groundnut + Sunflower

2) Inter-cropping:

  • Growing two or more crops simultaneously in the same field in a definite pattern.
  • increases the productivity per unit area.
  • Pesticides can be easily applied to individual crop.
  • Both crops can be easily harvested and threshed.
  • Soil erosion is reduced.
  • Allows better use of natural resources such as light, soil air and water.
  • Example: Soyabean + Maize, Finger millet (Bajra) + Cowpea (lobia)

3) Crop Rotation:

  • Growing of different crops on the same land in pre-planned succession.
  • Allows soil to recover its lost nutrients.
  • Helps to control pests, weeds and diseases.
  • Helps to reduce the use of chemical fertilisers.
  • Example: Maize-Mustard, Rice-Wheat, Maize-Mustard-Sugarcane-Fenugreek, Maize-Potato-Sugarcane-Peas