Discuss Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory of Motivation.
or
‘Maslow’s need hierarchy is. considered fundamental to understand motivation’. Explain the role of need hierarchy in motivation.
This theory was given by Abraham-Maslow. It is based on human needs. Maslow has explained his theory as a hierarchy of five needs which are depicted and explained below:
- Basic Physiological Needs
These are the basic needs, which a person is required to satisfy in order to survive. Hunger, thirst, shelter, sleep are some of the examples of these needs. In an organisation, basic salary helps to satisfy these needs. - Safety/Security Needs
These needs are concerned with physical, economic and social security, in the form of job security, stability of income, etc. - Affiliation/Belongingness/Social Needs
These needs are concerned with affection, sense of belongingness, acceptance and friendship. It is fulfilled when employees have cordial relations with colleagues. - Esteem Needs
These needs include factors such as self-respect, status and recognition. When these needs are fulfilled through job title, it enhances self-confidence and prestige of employees. - Self-actualization Needs
It is the highest level of need in the hierarchy. It arises after the satisfaction of all previously discussed needs. These needs include growth, self-fulfillment and achievement of goals.