Differentiate between the following
(i) Dominance and recessive
(ii) Homozygous and heterozygous
(iii) Monohybrid and dihybrid
(i) Differences between dominance and recessive are:
Dominance :
1.When an allele expresses itself in the presence of its recessive allele, it is called dominant trait.
2.Dominant allele forms a complete functional enzyme due to which complete polypeptide is formed to express.
Recessive :
1.It can only express in the absence of its dominant allele and remain masked in its presence.
2. Recessive allele forms incomplete polypeptide enzyme due to which non-functional polypetide is formed and foils to express completely.
(ii) Differences between homozygous and heterozygous are:
Homozygous :
1.Homozygous is a condition when both alleles of a gene are similar.
2.The genotype is expressed as TT or tt.
3.They are true breeding leading to pure, lines.
4. The gametes produced by them are similar in genotype.
Heterozygous :
1.It is a condition when both alleles of a gene are dissimilar.
2.The genotype expressed as Tt. .
3.They are not true breeding.
4.The gametes produced by them are of two types, one with dominant,allele and other with recessive allele.
(iii) Differences between monohybrid and dihybrid are:
Monohybrid :
1.It is an individual that is heterozygous for a single trait
2.It is the hybrid produced by the cross between parents having contrast in a single character.
Dihybrid:
1.It is an individual that is heterozygous for two traits.
2.It is the hybrid produced by the cross between parents having contrast of two characters.