(a) What is fragmentation in organisms? Name a multicellular organisms which reproduces by this method

(a)What is fragmentation in organisms? Name a multicellular organisms which reproduces by this method.
(b)What is regeneration in organism? Describe regeneration in Planaria with the help of a suitable diagram.

(a) Fragmentation: It takes place in multicellular organisms with relatively simple body organisation. Example, is spirogyra (algae plant) and planaria (a simple multicellular animal). Body breaks up on maturation into two or more smaller pieces and each piece then develops into a new individual.

(b) Regeneration: Process of getting back a full organism from its body parts is regeneration, e.g. simple animals such as Hydra and Planaria.

Process: If body of planaria gets cut into a number of pieces, then each body piece can regenerate into a complete planaria by growing all missing parts. Regeneration of an organism from its cut body part occurs by growth and development. Cells of cut body part divide rapidly to make a ball of cells. Cells become specialised to form various kinds of tissues that again form different organs as well as the body parts.