Derive expression for force of attraction between two bodies and then define gravitational constant.
Answer:
“Every body in the universe attracts every other body with a force which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.” Let us consider two bodies A and B of masses m1 and m2 which are separated by a distance r. Then the force of gravitation (F) acting on the two bodies is given by
Thus, the gravitational constant G is numerically equal to the force of gravitation which exists between two bodies of unit masses kept at a unit distance from each other.