State the characteristics of PPC.
The two main characteristics of PPC are:
- Slopes downwards to the right: PPC slopes downwards from left to right. It is because in a situation of fuller utilisation of the given resources, production of both the goods cannot be increased simultaneously. More of commodity A can be produced only with less production of commodity B.
- Concave to the point of origin: It is because to produce each additional unit of commodity A, more and more units of commodity B will have to be sacrificed. Opportunity cost of producing every additional unit of commodity A tends to increase in terms of the loss of production of commodity B. Production will act upon the law of increasing marginal opportunity cost.