How are the powers divided between theStates and the Centre? or Describe the division of powers divided between State and Central Governments in India. or How are the legislative powers distributed between the Union Government and the State Government by the Constitution? Explain with example.
Ans. The division of power between the Central and State Governments is done in a three fold distribution of legislative powers between the Union Government and the State Government. There are three lists i.e. Union List, State List and Conturrent List.
(i) Union List It includes subjects of national importance, e.g. defence of the country, foreign affairs, banking, communication and currency. The Central Government alone can make decisions on these matters. The aim of including these matters in Union List is to ensure uniformity in the policy of these areas throughout the country.
(ii) State List It contains subjects of state and local importance such as police, trade, commerce, agriculture and irrigation. The State Government alone can make laws and decisions on these areas.
(iii) Concurrent List It includes those subjects which are of common interest to both the Central as well as State Governments. It includes matters like education, forests, marriage and trade unions. Both the State and Central Government can make decision on these matters.