Explain sex determination mechanism in humans.How is it different in birds?

  1. Sex determining mechanism in humans is XY type. Out of 23 pairs of chromosomes present, 22 are autosomes.A Pair of X chromosomes is present in females, whereas an X and Y chromosome are present in males.During spermatogenesis among males,two types of gametes are produced.
    2.50 percent of the total sperm produced carry the X chromosome and the rest 50 percent has Y chromosome.In case, the ovum fertilizes with the sperm carrying X chromosomes the Zygote develops into female (‘XX’) and with ‘Y’ chromosomes the zygote results into male offspring(XY).
    In birds, female birds have been designated to have Z and W chromosomes, whereas males have a pair of Z chromosomes besides autosomes.