Discuss the various ways in which a monopoly market structure may arise

Monopoly market structure arises because of the following reasons:
(i) Patent rights These are given to the new product or technology and it gives rise to monopoly as no one can use their technology without permission.
(ii) Cartel Firm’s negotiations with other firms with regards to pricing and output policy also give rise to monopoly.
(iii) Government licensing Such licensing to a particular company also gives rise to monopoly.